Evidence of climate change

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The Earth’s climate crisis is one of the biggest challenges facing our world today. But how is the Earth’s climate changing and how do we know this?

In this video, we team up with Dr Melissa Lazenby to investigate the evidence of past climate change found in sediment cores, ice cores, tree rings, and instrumental records.

Attributions and Acknowledgements

Written and developed by: Melissa Lazenby, Rob Parker, Harriet Ridley, Tim Parker, Mick Frogley, Simon Ross

Videography by: Oliver Draper, Harriet Ridley, Rob Parker

Thank you to Alan Hemsley (Cardiff University) and Cardiff Forest Farm for their loan of samples used in this video.

"All palaeotemps" graphic by Glen Fergus is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0. Modified into animated graphic. Note: the modified graphic is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0, although the larger work of the video is not.

"IceAgeEarth" photo by Ittiz is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0

"Greenland-ice_sheet_hg" photo by Hgrobe is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.5"Fahrenheit_small" photo by Anonymous is licensed under Public domain

"Antarctic_mountains_(8145725224)" photo by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center is licensed under Public domain

"A close look at the shelf (8093672443)" photo by NASA ICE is licensed under Public domain

"Shallow_ice_core_drilling_(danish_Hans_Tausen_drill)" photo by Helle Astrid Kjær is licensed under CC BY 4.0

"CSIRO_ScienceImage_521_Bubbles_in_Ice" photo by Atmospheric Research, CSIRO is licensed under CC BY 3.0

"Vostok Petit data" graphic by NOAA is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0. Modified into animated graphic. Note: the modified graphic is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0, although the larger work of the video is not.

"Russian station Vostok" photo by NSF/Josh Landis is licensed under Public domain

"00029 10 mm foraminifera" photo by Siim is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0

"2085f Japon Hatoma" photo by Psammophile is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0

"Ammonia_tepida" photo by Scott Fay is licensed under CC BY 2.5

"Foraminifères_de_Ngapali" photo by Psammophile is licensed under CCC BY-SA 3.0

"2966k Bali" photo by Psammophile is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0

"2966j_Bali" photo by Psammophile is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0

"2966g_Bali" photo by Psammophile is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0

"3339f_Croatie_Pag" photo by Psammophile is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0

"3339e_Croatie_Pag" photo by Psammophile is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0

"3339c_Croatie_Pag" photo by Psammophile is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0

"3339d_Croatie_Pag" photo by Psammophile is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0

"Misc pollen colorized" photo by Dartmouth Electron Microscope Facility, Dartmouth College is licensed under Public domain

"System Change Not Climate Change - Student Climate Strike, London" video clip by Steve Eason is licensed under CC BY 3.0

"Pulse of Snow and Sea Ice" animation by NASA (Helen-Nicole Kostis) is licensed under Public domain.

"kilauea-lava-01" sound clip by e__ is licensed under CC BY 3.0

"tombenedict__kiholo-bay-rocky-break" sound clip by tombenedict is licensed under CC BY 3.0

"cgeffex__wind-howling3" sound clip by CGEffex is licensed under CC BY 3.0

"News_Theme" sound clip by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under CC BY 4.0